The Bible describes two believers who committed suicide: King Saul and Judas. For sure Judas went to hell. Peter said about him in Acts 1:16-18: "'Brothers, the Scripture had to be fulfilled which the Holy Spirit spoke long ago through the mouth of David concerning Judas, who served as guide for those who arrested Jesus--he was one of our number and shared in this ministry. With the reward he got for his wickedness, Judas bought a field; there he fell headlong, his body burst open, and all his intestines spilled out."
This
Scripture implies that Judas was not saved.
The
other story is about King Saul. He was mortally wounded in battle, so to avoid
torture he killed himself. From David's words about Saul, it appears that Saul
went to heaven. He says in 2 Sam. 1:23, "Saul and Jonathan—in life they
were loved and gracious, and in death they were not parted."
We
know that Jonathan was godly, so if Saul and Jonathan were not parted in death,
this would mean Saul is with Jonathan in heaven. I should also note that this
passage may simply mean that they died together in battle, not necessarily that
they are still with each other in death. At any rate, Saul killed himself only
because he was trying to avoid torture, and he was going to die soon anyway
This
controversial topic has unfortunately often been addressed in emotional ways,
not through biblical analysis. Those of us who grew up Roman Catholic have
always heard suicide is a mortal sin that irretrievably sends people to hell.
Influenced by the arguments of Augustine and Aquinas, this belief dominated
through the Reformation. However, for Luther, the Devil is capable of oppressing
(not possessing) a believer to the point of pushing him to commit the sin of
suicide (Table Talk, Vol 54:29). As the salvation became better understood,
many Reformation thinkers and theologians distanced their views from the Church
of Rome.
TGC
Nunez
Besides
this traditional position of the Catholic Church, we encounter three others:
a)
A true Christian would never commit suicide, since God wouldn't allow it.
b)
A Christian may commit suicide, but would lose his salvation.
c)
A Christian may commit suicide without losing his salvation.
So
what does the Bible say? Let's begin by talking about those truths we know as
revealed in God's Word:
Humanity
is totally depraved (Isa. 64:6; Rom. 3:10-18). This doesn't mean we're as evil
as we could be, but that every human capacity—intellect, heart, emotions,
will—is tainted by sin.
Even
after regeneration, a Christian is capable of committing any sin except the
unforgivable one (Rom. 7).
The
unforgivable sin is mentioned in Mark 3:25-32 and Matthew 12:32-32, and from
these passages we can conclude it refers to the continual rejection of the Holy
Spirit in the work of conversion. Others believe this passage speaks of
attributing to Satan the work of the Spirit. It's clear that in any case it's
referring to an unbeliever.
It's
important to remember a believer is capable of taking the life of someone else,
as David did in the case of Uriah, without this action invalidating his
salvation.
Christ's
sacrifice at the cross has forgiven all of our sin—past, present, and future
(Col. 2:13-14; Heb. 10:11-18).
The
sin a Christian will commit tomorrow was forgiven at Calvary—where Jesus
justified us, declaring us positionally righteous. He accomplished this work
through one single offering that didn't need to be repeated again. On the cross
Jesus didn't make us justifiable; he made us justified (Rom. 3:23-26; 8:29-30).
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